Specifications¶
Important
Unless otherwise stated, all specifications apply after 30 minutes of instrument warm-up.
Important
Changes in the specification parameters are explicitly mentioned in the revision history of this document.
Important
Some specifications depend on the installed options. The options installed on a given instrument are listed in the Device tab of the LabOne user interface.
General Specifications¶
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Storage temperature | +5°C to +65°C |
| Storage relative humidity | < 95%, non-condensing |
| Operating environment | IEC61010, indoor location, installation category II, pollution degree 2 |
| Operating altitude | up to 2000 meters |
| Operating temperature | +5°C to +40°C |
| Operating relative humidity | < 90%, non-condensing |
| Specification temperature | +18°C to +28°C |
| Power consumption | <40 W |
| DC power inlet | 12 V, 2 A Connector: Switchcraft 760BK, ID 2.5 mm, OD 5.5 mm |
| Power supply AC line | 100–240 V (±10%), 50/60 Hz |
| Line power fuse | 250 V, 2 A, fast, 5 x 20 mm, F 2 A L 250 V |
| Dimensions including bumper | 28.3 x 23.2 x 10.2 cm 11.1 x 9.1 x 4.0 inch Rack mount on request |
| Weight including bumper | 3.8 kg |
| Recommended calibration interval | 2 years (see sticker on back panel) |
| Warranty | 1 year, extensible |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Frequency range | DC to 500 kHz DC to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option 1 |
| Basic accuracy | 0.05% (1 mHz to 500 kHz) |
| Basic temperature stability | <200 ppm/K |
| Test signal level | 0 to 2.1 Vrms with monitoring |
| Bandwidth | 276 μHz to 206 kHz |
| DC bias signal level | ±10 V (2 Terminal); ±3 V (4 Terminal) |
| Compensation methods | SO, SOL, LLL, SL, L, OL |
| Impedance Z: range; basic accuracy | 1 mΩ to 1 TΩ; 0.05% |
| Admittance Y: range; basic accuracy | 1 pS to 1 kS; 0.05% |
| Resistance Rs, Rp: range; basic accuracy | 1 mΩ to 10 GΩ; max(10 μΩ, 0.05%)2 |
| Capacitance Cs, Cp: range; basic accuracy | 10 fF to 1 F; max(10 fF, 0.05%)2 |
| Inductance Ls, Lp: range; basic accuracy | 100 nH to 1 H; max(10 nH, 0.05%)2 |
| DC Resistance RDC: range; basic accuracy | 1 mΩ to 10 GΩ; 2% |
| Reactance X: range; basic accuracy | 1 mΩ to 10 GΩ; 0.05% |
| Conductance G: range; basic accuracy | 1 nS to 1 kS; max(100 nS, 0.05%) |
| Susceptance B: range; basic accuracy | 1 nS to 1 kS; max(100 nS, 0.05%) |
| Loss coefficient D: range | 10-4 to 104 |
| Q factor: range | 10-4 to 104 |
1 The MFIA 5 MHz Impedance Analyzer includes the MF-F5M option.
2 Accuracy valid if parameter is the dominant value of the circuit representation.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Frequency range | DC to 500 kHz DC to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option |
| Number of demodulators | 1 dual-phase (X, Y, R, Θ) 4 dual-phase, requires MF-MD option |
| Demodulator inputs | Signal Inputs (V/I), Auxiliary Inputs, Auxiliary Outputs, Trigger Inputs |
| Filter time constant | 337 ns to 83 s |
| Filter bandwidth (-3 dB) | 276 μHz – 206 kHz (4th order filter) |
| Harmonics | 1 – 1023 |
| Filter slope | 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48 dB/oct |
| Additional filtering | Sinc filter |
| Phase resolution | 10 μdeg |
| Frequency resolution | 1 μHz |
| Output sample rate on Auxiliary Outputs | 612 kSa/s (for each auxiliary output), 18 bit, ±10 V |
| Maximum transfer rate over 1 GbE | 200 kSa/s (all demodulators), 48-bit full range |
| Maximum rate to store on local USB drive | 50 kSa/s (all demodulators), 48-bit full range |
| Trigger modes for data transfer | Continuous, edge, gated |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| External reference frequency range | 1 Hz to 500 kHz 1 Hz to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option |
| External reference input | Auxiliary Inputs, Trigger Inputs, Auxiliary Outputs, Current Signal Input, Voltage Signal Input |
| Lock time for external reference | Typically less than max(100 cycles, 1.2 ms) |
| Number of external references | 1; 2, requires MF-MD option |
| Internal reference frequency range | 0 to 500 kHz 0 to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Input channels | Signal Inputs (V,I), Auxiliary Inputs, Auxiliary Outputs, Trigger Inputs, Trigger Outputs, Signal Output, Oscillator Phase. Demodulator R, Theta, X, Y, requires MF-DIG option |
| Scope modes | Time domain, frequency domain (FFT) |
| Number display channels | 1; 2, requires MF-DIG option |
| Trigger channels | Signal Inputs (V,I), Auxiliary Inputs, Auxiliary Outputs, Trigger Inputs, Trigger Outputs. Demodulator R, Theta, X, Y, requires MF-DIG option |
| Trigger modes | Edge |
| Trigger hysteresis | Full input range |
| Pre-trigger | Full sample range |
| Sampling rates | 1.8 kSa/s to 60 MSa/s |
| Vertical resolution | 16 bit |
| Maximum number of samples per shot | 16 kSa; 5 MSa, requires MF-DIG option |
| Minimum hold time | 1 ms |
| Bandwidth limit mode, vertical resolution increase | Downsampling by averaging; increase vertical resolution up to 24 bit, requires MF-DIG option |
| Cursor math | Location, Area, Wave, Peak, Tracking, Histogram |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Center frequency range | 0 to 500 kHz 0 to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option |
| Spectrum modes | FFT(X+iY), FFT®, FFT(Θ), FFT(f) and FFT((dΘ/dt)/2π) |
| Statistical options | Amplitude, Spectral density, Power |
| Averaging modes | None, Exponential moving average |
| Maximum number of samples per spectrum | 8 kSa |
| Maximum span | 58 kHz |
| Window functions | Rectangular, Hann, Hamming, Blackman Harris |
| Cursor math | Location, Area, Tracking, Wave, Peak, Histogram |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Sweep parameters | Oscillator frequency, Demodulator phase, Auxiliary Offset, Signal Output Offset, etc. |
| Parameter sweep ranges | Full range, Linear and Logarithmic |
| Parameter sweep resolution | Arbitrary, defined by start/stop value and number of sweep points |
| Display parameters | Demodulator Output (X, Y, R, Θ, f), Auxiliary Input |
| Display options | Single Plot, Dual Plot (e.g. Bode Plot), Multi-trace |
| Statistical options | Amplitude, Spectral density, Power |
| Preset measurement modes | Parameter sweep, Noise amplitude measurement, Frequency response analyzer, 3-Omega-Sweep |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Connectors | 2 BNC on front panel, single-ended or differential |
| Shield connectivity | Floating or ground |
| Maximum float voltage versus ground | ±1 V |
| Input impedance | 50 Ω and 10 MΩ 27 pF for range ≥300 mV; 40 pF for range ≤100 mV |
| Input frequency range | DC to 500 kHz; DC to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option |
| Input A/D conversion | 16 bit, 60 MSa/s |
| Input noise amplitude | Typically 2.5 nV/√Hz for frequencies > 1 kHz 7 nV/√Hz at 10 Hz 40 nV/√Hz at 1 Hz 3.3 mV input range; shorting cap on input |
| Input noise corner frequency | Typically 100 Hz for range ≤10 mV |
| Input bias current | Typically ±10 pA, max ±200 pA |
| Input full range sensitivity (10 V lock-in amplifier output) | 1 nV to 3 V |
| Input AC ranges | ±1 mV, ± mV, ±10 mV, ±30 mV, ±100 mV, ±300 mV, ±1 V, ±3 V |
| AC coupling cutoff frequency | 1.6 Hz |
| Maximum DC offset for AC coupling | ±10 V |
| Input DC ranges | ±1 mV, ± mV, ±10 mV, ±30 mV, ±100 mV, ±300 mV, ±1 V, ±3 V |
| Input gain inaccuracy | < 1% (< 2 MHz); for higher frequencies limited by analog input filter |
| Analog input filter (anti-aliasing) | 1 dB suppression at 5 MHz, 3 dB at 12 MHz; 3rd order roll-off |
| Input amplitude stability | 0.1%/°C |
| Input offset amplitude | < max(0.5 mV, 1% of range) |
| Dynamic reserve | Up to 120 dB |
| Harmonic distortion (typical) | –80 dBc for frequencies ≤100 kHz, –65 dBc for frequencies ≤5 MHz; carrier amplitude –1 dBFS |
| Harmonic distortion (loopback, maximum) | –70 dBc for frequencies <200 kHz, –55 dBc for frequencies <2 MHz, –50.2 dBc for frequencies ≥ 2MHz; input range 3 mV, output range 10 mV. –72 dBc for frequencies <200 kHz, –55 dBc for frequencies <2 MHz, –50.2 dBc for frequencies ≥ 2MHz; input range 10-300 mV, output range 100-1000 mV. –72 dBc for frequencies <200 kHz, –50.2 dBc for frequencies <2 MHz, –46 dBc for frequencies ≥ 2MHz; input range 3 V, output range 10 V. |
| Coherent pickup | < –140 dB for frequencies ≤5 MHz and 50 Ω input impedance; < –180 dB for frequencies ≤100 kHz and 50 Ω input impedance |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Connector | BNC on front panel, float/ground |
| Shield connectivity | Floating or ground |
| Maximum float voltage versus ground | ±1 V |
| Input impedance | see table_title |
| Input frequency range | 0 to 500 kHz 0 to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option |
| Input A/D conversion | 16 bit, 60 MSa/s |
| Input leakage current | ±10 pA |
| Input full range sensitivity (10 V lock-in amplifier output) | 10 fA to 10 mA |
| Input gain inaccuracy | < 1% (for frequencies below 10% of the input bandwidth) |
| Input offset amplitude | 1% of range |
| Input offset voltage | ±2.2 mV max; to shield of current input BNC connector |
| Dynamic reserve | up to 120 dB |
| Coherent pickup | < 90 GΩ for frequencies ≤5 MHz and 100 μA input range < 140 TΩ for frequencies ≤100 kHz and 10 nA input range |
| Current input range | Transimpedance gain | Bandwidth (–3 dB) | Input impedance at DC | Input noise (Typical) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 mA | 100 V/A | 5 MHz | 50 Ω | 300 pA/√Hz at 100 kHz |
| 1 mA1 | 1 kV/A | 5 MHz | 50 Ω | 200 pA/√Hz at 100 kHz |
| 100 μA | 10 kV/A | 5 MHz | 60 Ω | 3.5 pA/√Hz at 100 kHz |
| 10 μA1 | 100 kV/A | 5 MHz | 60 Ω | 2.5 pA/√Hz at 100 kHz |
| 1 μA | 1 MV/A | 450 kHz | 1 kΩ | 200 fA/√Hz at 1 kHz |
| 100 nA1 | 10 MV/A | 450 kHz | 1 kΩ | 150 fA/√Hz at 1 kHz |
| 10 nA | 100 MV/A | 2 kHz | 160 kΩ | 20 fA/√Hz at 100 Hz |
| 1 nA1 | 1 GV/A | 2 kHz | 160 kΩ | 15 fA/√Hz at 100 Hz |
1 Range only available on MF Instruments with serial numbers MF-DEV3200 and higher.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Connectors | 2 BNC on front panel, single ended and differential |
| Output impedance | 50 Ω |
| Output frequency range | DC to 500 kHz DC to 5 MHz (with MF-F5M option) |
| Output frequency resolution | 1 μHz |
| Output phase range | ±180° |
| Output phase resolution | 10 μdeg |
| Differential outputs | Sine waves shifted by 180° |
| Output D/A conversion | 16 bit, 60 MSa/s |
| Output amplitude ranges | ±10 mV, ±100 mV, ±1 V, ±10 V (single ended into high impedance) |
| Output DC offset range | ±10 mV to ±10 V, equal to the set output amplitude range |
| Output power | 24 dBm (±10 V, 250 mW), for each BNC |
| Output gain inaccuracy | < 1% at 100 kHz for all output ranges |
| Maximum output drive current | 100 mA |
| Output offset amplitude | ±1 mV or 1% of range, whichever is bigger |
| Harmonic distortion (typical) | –85 dBc for frequencies <200 kHz, –60 dBc for frequencies <2 MHz, –55 dBc for frequencies <5 MHz; output range ≤1 V. –80 dBc for frequencies <200 kHz, –50 dBc for frequencies <2 MHz, –45 dBc for frequencies <5 MHz; output range 10 V. measured with carrier amplitude –1 dBFS, 50 Ω load, single-ended. |
| Analog adder | Auxiliary Input 1 can be added to the signal output , ±10 V, DC–2 MHz |
| Output range | Output noise density (high load impedance setting) | RMS output noise at 12 MHz bandwidth |
|---|---|---|
| 10 mV | 43 nV/√Hz | 145 μVrms |
| 100 mV | 43 nV/√Hz | 145 μVrms |
| 1 V | 48 nV/√Hz | 161 μVrms |
| 10 V | 104 nV/√Hz | 310 μVrms |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Connectors | 2 BNC on the front panel |
| A/D converter | 16 bit, 15 MSa/s |
| A/D analog bandwidth | 5 MHz |
| Input impedance | 1 MΩ |
| Amplitude | ±10 V |
| Input noise amplitude | Typically 430 nV/√Hz; frequency > 100 kHz |
| Resolution | 0.335 mV |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Connectors | 4 BNC on the front panel |
| D/A converter | 18 bit, 612 kSa/s |
| D/A analog bandwidth | 200 kHz |
| Output impedance | 50 Ω |
| Amplitude | ±10 V |
| Resolution | < 85 μV |
| Drive current | 20 mA |
| Noise density | 210 nV/√Hz into high-impedance load; frequency > 1 kHz |
| RMS noise | 90 µVrms into high-impedance load; measurement bandwidth 12 MHz |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Connectors | 2 BNC on the back panel |
| Trigger input impedance | 1 kΩ |
| Frequency range external reference | 1 Hz to 500 kHz; 1 Hz to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option |
| Trigger amplitude range | ±5 V |
| Minimum pulse width | 35 ns |
| Trigger level | ±5 V, 3.66 mV resolution |
| Trigger hysteresis | < 20 mV |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Connectors | 2 BNC on the back panel |
| Trigger output impedance | 50 Ω |
| Frequency range external reference | 1 μHz to 500 kHz; 1 μHz to 5 MHz, requires MF-F5M option |
| Trigger amplitude | 5 V |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Connectors | 2 BNC, 10 MHz clock input and output on the back panel |
| 10 MHz input, impedance | 50 Ω |
| 10 MHz input, frequency range | 9.98 to 10.02 MHz |
| 10 MHz input, amplitude range | 200 mV to 3 V |
| 10 MHz output, impedance | 50 Ω |
| 10 MHz output, amplitude | Typically 1 Vpp into 50 Ω, sinusoidal |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Type | TCXO |
| Initial accuracy | < ±1.5 ppm |
| Long term accuracy/aging | < ±1 ppm in the first year |
| Short term stability (0.1 s) | < 2·10-10 |
| Temperature coefficient | 0.05 ppm/°C (@23°C) |
| Phase noise at 1 kHz | –140 dBc/Hz |
| Phase noise at 10 kHz | –150 dBc/Hz |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Host connection | LAN, 1 GbE; USB 2.0, 480 Mbit/s |
| Internal drive data storage capacity | 4.5 GB |
| USB host | 2 connectors on the back panel for mass storage or WLAN modules |
| DIO, digital I/O | 4 x 8 bit, general purpose digital input/output port, 3.3 V TTL VHDCI 68 pin female connector |
| Parameter | Lower | Upper |
|---|---|---|
| Damage threshold Current Signal Input I | –5 V | + 5 V |
| Damage threshold Voltage Input +V/-V Diff | –5 V | +5 V |
| Damage threshold Signal Output +V/-V | –12 V | +12 V |
| Damage threshold Aux Input 1,2 | –12 V | +12 V |
| Damage threshold Aux Outputs 1,2,3,4 | –12 V | +12 V |
| Damage threshold Clock 10 MHz In/Out | –5 V | +5 V |
| Damage threshold Trigger Out 1,2 | –1 V | +6 V |
| Damage threshold Trigger In 1,2 | –8 V | +8 V |
| Damage threshold DIO 32 bit | –1 V | +6 V |
| Damage threshold DC In | 0 V | 26 V |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Operating systems | Any, web browser based |
| Input device | Touch screen, keyboard, mouse |
| CPU | 2+ cores, hardware accelerated rendering on browser |
| Browser | Edge, Firefox, Chrome, Safari, Opera |
| Connectivity | 1 GbE, 100 MbE, USB 2.0 |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Operating systems | Windows 10, 11 on x86-64 macOS 10.11+ on x86-64 and ARMv8 GNU/Linux (Ubuntu 14.04+, CentOS 7+, Debian 8+) on x86-64 and ARMv8 |
| CPU | x86-64 (Intel, AMD), ARMv8 (e.g., Raspberry Pi 4 and newer, Apple M-series) |
| RAM | 4 GB+ |
| Connectivity | 1 GbE, 100 MbE, USB 2.0 |
| Supported languages | LabVIEW, Python, MATLAB, .NET, C/C++ |
The DIO port is a VHDCI 68 pin connector as introduced by the SPI-3 document of the SCSI-3 specification. It is a female connector that requires a 32 mm wide male connector. The DIO port features 32 bits that can be configured byte-wise as inputs or outputs.
| Pin | Name | Description | Range specification |
|---|---|---|---|
| 68 | CLKI | clock input, used to latch signals at the digital input ports - can also be used to retrieve digital signals from the output port using an external sampling clock | 3.3 V LVCMOS/TTL |
| 67 | DOL | DIO output latch, 60 MHz clock signal, the digital outputs are synchronized to the falling edge of this signal | 3.3 V LVCMOS/TTL |
| 66-59 | DI[31:24] | digital input or output (set by user) | 3.3 V LVCMOS/TTL |
| 58-51 | DIO[23:16] | digital input or output (set by user) | 3.3 V LVCMOS/TTL |
| 50-43 | DIO[15:8] | digital input or output (set by user) | 3.3 V LVCMOS/TTL |
| 42-35 | DIO[7:0] | digital input or output (set by user) | 3.3 V LVCMOS/TTL |
| 34-30 | - | do not connect, for internal use only | - |
| 29-1 | GND | digital ground | - |
The figure below shows the architecture of the DIO input/output. The DIO port features 32 bits that can be configured byte-wise as inputs or outputs by means of a drive signal. The digital output data is latched synchronously with the falling edge of the internal clock, which is running at 60 MHz. The internal sampling clock is available at the DOL pin of the DIO connector. Digital input data can either be sampled by the internal clock or by an external clock provided through the CLKI pin. A decimated version of the input clock is used to sample the input data. The Decimation unit counts the clocks to decimation and then latches the input data. The default decimation is 3e6, corresponding to a digital input sampling rate of 20 samples per second.
Performance Diagrams¶
Input noise amplitude depends on several parameters, and in particular on the frequency and on the input range setting. The input noise is lower for smaller input ranges, and it is recommended to use small ranges especially for noise measurements. Figure 3 shows the noise density of the voltage input with DC coupling. The input noise with AC coupling is the same as long as the frequency is higher than the AC cutoff frequency (see ). The noise is independent of the input impedance setting, 50 Ω or 10 MΩ. The corner frequency of the 1/f noise is in the range of 100 Hz and the white-noise floor is typically 2.5 nV/√Hz for the smallest input ranges.
A note on input voltage noise and AC coupling. The input voltage noise will increase at low frequencies, when using AC coupling at the signal input of the MFLI. For example, the input voltage noise of the 10 mV input range is around 10 nV/√Hz at a frequency of 10 Hz, as shown in the figure above. When switching on AC coupling, the noise increases to around 75 nV/√Hz. The reason is that the 10nF AC coupling capacitor has an impedance of 1.6 MΩ at 10 Hz. Together with the 10 MΩ input bias resistor of the MFLI input amplifier, you get the increased noise density. To work around this problem, use DC coupling for the signal input. An external large capacitor may be employed if AC coupling must be used.
Figure 4 shows the noise density of the current input. The frequency range of the measurements for the smaller input ranges is limited by the bandwidth of these ranges as specified in .
Figure 5 shows the SSB phase noise measured at the signal output. For this measurement, the signal output was connected to a phase noise analyzer and the output amplitude was set to 5 V. The measured phase noise at 5 MHz and 10 kHz offset is around -153 dBc/Hz.
Figure 6 shows the noise density of the voltage output into 50 Ω. For high-impedance loads, the voltage noise levels in the figure need to be doubled. The output noise was measured with no signal and 0 V offset. For the ranges 10 mV and 100 mV, the voltage noise is basically identical with a flat-band noise level of 14.5 nV/vHz at 100 kHz into 50 Ω. For high-impedance loads, the value would be around 29 nV/√Hz. The 10 V range shows the largest noise with 34.5 nV/√Hz at 100 kHz. The corner frequency of the 1/f noise is in the range of 10 to 20 kHz.
The impedance measurement accuracy and temperature stability of the MFIA Impedance Analyzer depend on the absolute value of the measured impedance, as well as the measurement frequency. The charts shown below show the minimum accuracy levels and temperate stability coefficients over the whole measurement range of the MFIA. The plots are valid in 4-terminal measurement mode with enabled automatic range control.
